Views: 36 Author: Site Editor Publish Time: 2022-04-12 Origin: Site
Correct operation and maintenance of CNC equipment can prevent abnormal wear and tear of machine tools and avoid sudden failure of machine tools. Careful maintenance of the machine tool can maintain the long-term stability of the machining accuracy of the machine tool and prolong the service life of the machine tool. This work must be highly valued and executed from the management level of the factory!
1. The operator is responsible for the use, maintenance, and essential maintenance of the equipment;
2. Equipment maintenance personnel are responsible for equipment maintenance and necessary maintenance;
3. The workshop management personnel are responsible for supervising the operators and equipment maintenance of the entire workshop.
1. The numerical control equipment is required to avoid places with moisture, excessive dust, and corrosive gases;
2. Avoid direct sunlight and other heat radiation, and precision CNC equipment should be kept away from equipment with significant vibrations, such as punching machines, forging equipment, etc.;
3. Should control the operating temperature of the equipment between 15 degrees and 35 degrees. Should control the precision processing temperature at about 20 degrees, and the temperature fluctuation strictly control;
4. To avoid the influence of significant fluctuation of power supply (greater than plus or minus 10%) and possible instantaneous interference signals, CNC equipment is generally powered by a dedicated line (such as a separate channel from the low-voltage power distribution room for CNC machine tools), and a voltage stabilizer device is added. etc., can reduce the influence of power supply quality and electrical interference.
1. After turning on the machine, Must preheat it for about 10 minutes before processing; It Should extend the preheating time for machines that are not used for a long time;
2. Check whether the oil circuit is smooth;
3. Please place the worktable and saddle in the center of the machine before stopping (move the three-axis travel to the middle of the travel of each axis);
4. Keep the machine tool dry and clean.
1. Clean the dust and iron filings of the machine tool every day: including the machine tool control panel, spindle taper hole, tool car, tool head and taper shank, tool magazine tool arm and tool magazine, turret; XY axis sheet metal shield, machine tool Inner flexible hose, tank chain device, chip chute, etc.;
2. Check the lubricating oil level to ensure the lubrication of the machine tool;
3. Check whether the coolant in the coolant tank is sufficient and not added in time;
4. Check whether the air pressure is normal;
5. Check whether the air blowing in the inner taper hole of the spindle is normal, wipe the inner taper hole of the spindle with a clean cotton cloth, and spray light oil;
6. Clean the tool magazine tool arms, and tools, especially the tool claws;
7. Check whether all signal lights and abnormal warning lights are standard;
8. Check whether there is leakage in the oil pressure unit pipe;
9. Clean the machine tool after the daily work is completed;
10. Keep the environment around the machine clean and tidy.
1. Clean the air filter screen of the heat exchanger, the filter screen of the cooling pump, and the lubricating oil pump;
2. Check whether the tool pull bolt is loose, and the knife handle is clean;
3. Check whether the three-axis mechanical origin is offset;
4. Check whether the movement of the tool changer arm of the tool magazine or the rotation of the tool magazine is smooth;
5. If there is an oil cooler, check the oil more excellent oil. If it is lower than the scale line, please add oil cooler oil in time;
6. Clean the impurities and water in the compressed gas, check the oil quantity in the oil mist separator, check whether the solenoid valves of each circuit work usually, and check the tightness of the pneumatic system because the quality of the pneumatic system directly affects the replacement Knives and lubrication systems;
7. Prevent dust and dirt from entering the CNC device. There are generally oil mist, dust, and even metal powder in the air of the machining workshop. Once they fall on the circuit board or electronic device in the CNC system, it is easy to cause the insulation resistance between components to drop and even damage components and circuit boards...
1. Check the lubrication of the shaft track, and the track surface must be well lubricated;
2. Check and clean limit switches and bump blocks;
3. Check whether the oil in the oil cup of the knife cylinder is sufficient, and if it is insufficient, add it in time;
4. Check whether the signs and warning nameplates on the machine are clear and exist.
1. Disassemble the anti-chip shaft shield, clean the shaft oil pipe joint, ball lead screw, and three-axis limit switch, and check whether it is normal. Check whether the effect of the stern rail wiper blades of each axis is good;
2. Check whether the servo motor and head of each axis are running normally and whether there is any abnormal sound;
3. Replace the oil of the hydraulic unit and the oil of the deceleration mechanism of the tool magazine;
4. Test the clearance of each axis, and adjust the compensation amount if necessary;
5. Clean the dust in the electric box (make sure the machine tool is closed);
6. Comprehensively check whether all contacts, connectors, sockets, and switches are regular;
7. Check whether all keys are sensitive and normal;
8. Check and adjust the mechanical level;
9. Clean the cutting water tank and replace the cutting fluid.
Note: Professional engineers should carry out professional maintenance or repairs.
1. The grounding protection system should have good continuity to ensure personal safety;
2. Regularly check the essential components such as circuit breakers, contactors, and single-phase or three-phase arc extinguishers. If the wiring is loose or the noise is too loud, find out the reasons and eliminate hidden dangers;
3. Ensure the regular operation of the cooling fan in the electric cabinet; otherwise, it may cause damage to the vital components;
4. The fuse is blown, and the air switch is frequently tripped. The cause should be found and eliminated in time;
5. Check the vertical accuracy of each axis and adjust the geometric accuracy of the machine tool. Restore or meet the requirements of the machine tool because geometric accuracy is the basis for the overall performance of the machine tool. For example, the poor verticality of XZ and YZ will affect the coaxiality and symmetry of the processed workpiece, and the poor verticality of the spindle to the table surface will affect the parallelism of the processed workpiece, etc. Therefore, the restoration of geometric accuracy is the focus of our maintenance;
6. Check the motor's wear and clearance, the screw of each axis, and whether the support bearings at both ends of each axis are damaged. When the coupling or bearing is damaged, it will increase the noise of the machine tool, affect the transmission accuracy of the machine tool, damage the cooling seal ring of the screw, lead to leakage of cutting fluid, and seriously affect the life of the screw and spindle;
7. Check the protective cover of each axis and replace it if necessary. The protective cover is not suitable for directly accelerating the wear of the guide rail. If there is a large deformation, it will not only increase the load of the machine tool but also cause more significant damage to the guide rail;
8. The straightening of the lead screw directly affects the machining accuracy of the machine tool due to the deformation of the lead screw caused by some users after the machine tool collides or the gap between the plug and iron is not good. We first loosen the lead screw to make it in a natural state and then install the lead screw following the maintenance procedures to ensure that the lead screw is free from the tangential force as much as possible during movement so that the lead screw is also in a natural state during processing;
9. Check and adjust the belt drive system of the machine tool spindle, properly adjust the tightness of the V-belt to prevent the machine tool from slipping or losing rotation during processing, replace the spindle V-belt if necessary, and check the 1000r/min. If necessary, add it; the lack of oil will cause the failure of low-grade conversion, seriously affect the surface roughness during milling, and reduce the cutting torque to the bottom;
10. Cleaning and adjustment of the tool magazine. Adjust the rotation of the tool magazine so that it is parallel to the table surface, replace the retaining spring if necessary, adjust the angle of the spindle orientation bridge and the rotation coefficient of the tool magazine, and add lubricating grease to each moving part;
11. Prevent the system from overheating: It should be checked whether each cooling fan on the CNC cabinet usually works. Check whether the air duct filter is blocked. If there is too much dust on the filter screen and it is not cleaned in time, it will cause the temperature in the CNC cabinet to be too high;
12. Regular maintenance of the input/output device of the numerical control system: check whether the transmission signal line of the machine tool is damaged, whether the interface and joint screws and nuts are loose and falling off, whether the network cable is inserted stably, and the router is cleaned and maintained;
13. Regular inspection and replacement of DC motor brush: Excessive wear of DC motor brushes will affect the performance of the motor and even cause damage to the motor. To this end, the motor brushes should be regularly inspected and replaced, and CNC lathes, CNC milling machines, machining centers, etc., should be inspected once a year;
14. Regularly check and replace the storage battery: Generally, the CMOS RAM storage device is equipped with a rechargeable battery maintenance circuit in the numerical control system to ensure that its memory content can be maintained when the system is not powered. Even if it has not failed, it should be replaced once a year to ensure that it is working correctly. The replacement of the battery should be carried out under the power supply state of the CNC system to prevent the information in the RAM from being lost during replacement;
15. Clean the electrical components in the control cabinet, check and fasten the fastening status of the terminals; clean and clean the CNC system control modules, circuit boards, fans, air filters, heat sinks, etc.;